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War With Iran This Week? Will Markets Implode? Economist Answers | Steve Hanke

Channel: David Lin Published: 2026-02-18 14:22
David Lin

Steve Hanke argues the Iran/Gulf crisis is mostly a warning shot so far, not a market-disrupting event, because he thinks Iran is bluffing, the U.S. is constrained by Iran’s defenses, and oil would only spike hard if Hormuz were fully closed. He is similarly skeptical of a reported Russia-dollar memo, remains bullish on the dollar’s reserve status, expects U.S. inflation to drift back up as M2 accelerates, and says upcoming Fed easing would be driven more by labor-market weakness than inflation progress.

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Detailed summary

This interview centers on three macro themes: Iran and the Strait of Hormuz, dollar geopolitics, and U.S. inflation/labor policy. On Iran, Hanke says the partial closure of Hormuz was a warning shot rather than a true shutdown, which explains why oil barely moved. He thinks a full closure could send oil to about $120/bbl, but says that scenario would be difficult and would depend on how Iran chose to block the waterway. He also argues that U.S. military threats are limited by Iranian red lines, Israeli influence on U.S. policy, and potentially sophisticated Chinese-installed radar that could make a strike more difficult. On regime change and war risk, Hanke dismisses the idea that the U.S. can easily repeat a Venezuela-style operation in Iran, calling the Maduro case an inside job and saying Iran’s military and geography make that much harder. …

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Main takeaways

  1. He sees Iran’s Hormuz move as a bluffing signal, not a full supply shock.
  2. A complete Hormuz closure would be the real oil-risk catalyst, with his rough target around $120/bbl.
  3. He thinks U.S. policy toward Iran is heavily shaped by Israel and that regime change would likely fail.
  4. He dismisses the reported Russia-dollar memo as unverified noise.
  5. He remains structurally bullish on the dollar’s reserve role and skeptical of the yuan as a global currency.
  6. He expects U.S. inflation to drift higher again because M2 growth has accelerated.
  7. He thinks the Fed’s next moves will be driven more by labor weakness than by the inflation print alone.
  8. He views bank deregulation as a meaningful form of monetary easing because banks create most money.

Market read by horizon

Short term

Near term, the market seems to be pricing Iran headlines as a bluff unless Hormuz is actually shut; that keeps the immediate oil trade reactive but not yet trend-defining. The Fed outlook is still set by labor data, so any surprise weakening there is the main tactical catalyst for policy repricing.

  • Hormuz partial closure did not trigger a major oil response, so the immediate market read is that traders see it as signaling rather than execution risk.
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  • A genuine full closure of the Strait of Hormuz would be the near-term tail risk; Hanke says oil could jump to about $120/bbl in that case.
  • He thinks the Geneva talks are unlikely to produce a major breakthrough this week, so the geopolitical setup remains headline-driven.
Mid term

Over the next few months, the base case in Hanke’s framework is a modest re-acceleration in inflation as M2 stays firmer and bank regulation loosens credit creation. That would keep the Fed biased toward easing only if labor conditions soften enough to justify it.

  • Over the next several weeks to months, he expects inflation to drift higher rather than settle at 2% or below, because M2 growth has accelerated above his preferred threshold.
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  • He sees the Fed continuing to loosen, especially if labor-market data remain soft, which would keep upward pressure on money growth.
  • The labor market is his key confirmation variable: if weakness persists or deepens, he expects more easing pressure and more policy support.
Long term

Structurally, he sees the dollar’s reserve role as durable and hard to displace, while the yuan remains constrained by capital controls. In that regime, the lasting macro variable is not who talks about de-dollarization, but which currencies can actually move capital freely and sustain credit creation.

  • Hanke’s structural view is that money growth drives inflation, so monetary regime—not a one-month CPI print—sets the long-run path.
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  • He treats the U.S. dollar as structurally entrenched: once a currency becomes the international reserve unit, it is difficult to dislodge.
  • His framework implies the yuan will not become a true global reserve competitor unless China removes capital and exchange controls.
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Key claims (10)

NEUTRAL Iran risk Strait of Hormuz

Iran’s partial closure of the Strait of Hormuz was a warning shot rather than a true shutdown.

Hanke says Iran was signaling capability, not executing a full block, which explains the muted market reaction.

BULLISH oil supply shock Oil

A full closure of Hormuz could push oil to about $120 per barrel.

He gives a concrete price estimate for the severe-tail-risk scenario.

BEARISH US-Israel policy Iran

The U.S. is not acting independently on Iran policy and is effectively following Israeli preferences.

He explicitly says U.S. policy is dictated by Israel and Netanyahu.

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Assets discussed (8)

Strait of Hormuz
BULLISH other

He treats a full closure as a major oil-risk shock that could send oil to about $120/bbl.

Oil
BULLISH commodity

He says a full closure of Hormuz would push oil to around $120 per barrel, though he says the current partial closure has not moved prices much.

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Interview (22 Q&A)

Iran Strait of Hormuz

What's your take on Iran partially closing the Strait of Hormuz and oil barely budging?

Hanky says Iran was firing a warning shot across the bow, not a real attempt to shut it down, which explains why markets didn't react. He notes they've done partial shutdowns before since 1979.

Strait of Hormuz closure

What would happen if there's a full closure of the Strait of Hormuz?

Hanky says oil would go to $120 a barrel. The Strait is still vital — a full closure would shut out Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, and all the Gulf States.

Iran nuclear deal

What does the US want and what does Iran want out of this nuclear deal?

Hanky argues it's not what the US wants but what Israel dictates. Israel wants Iran's nuclear program completely dismantled and its ballistic missile program defanged — essentially surrender — which Iran will not agree to. He adds the Chinese have installed sophisticated radar in Iran that could detect stealth bombers, changing the military calculus.

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Where this transcript pushes against consensus

  • The claim that Iran’s partial closure was merely a warning shot is plausible but unsupported with hard evidence in the interview.
  • His assertion that the U.S. is not an independent actor and simply follows Israel is presented as fact, but no evidence is supplied in the transcript.
  • The Chinese radar claim is highly consequential but unverified within the conversation; it is used to explain U.S. hesitation without technical substantiation.
  • He says Western reporting on Iran is mostly propaganda and references his own inflation measure, but the methodology is not explained here.
  • His dismissal of the Bloomberg Kremlin memo as likely wrong may be correct, but he offers no documentary proof beyond inability to confirm it via contacts.
  • He argues the Russian dollar-return story is too narrow to matter, though the broader sanctions/remittance implications are not fully explored.

Topics

IranStrait of Hormuzoil marketIsrael-US policyregime changeRussia-dollar settlementde-dollarizationU.S. dollar reserve statusinflationM2 money supply

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